Q: How is the Syndrome treated?

A: There are medications to help control symptoms when they interfere with the everyday life of the sufferer. The drugs include haloperidol (Haldol), pimozide (Orap), clonidine (Catapres), risperidone (Risperdal). Stimulants such as methylphenidate (Ritalin), and dextroamphentamine (Dexedrine), that are prescribed for hyperactivity may temporarily increase tics and should be used cautiously. Obsessive/compulsive symptoms may be controlled with fluoxetine (Prozac), clomipramine(Anafranil), and other similar medications.

The dosage necessary to achieve maximum control of symptoms varies for each patient and must be gauged carefully by a doctor. The medicine is administered in small doses with gradual increases to the point where there is maximum relief of symptoms with minimal side effects. Some of the undesirable reactions to medications are fatigue, motor restlessness, weight gain, and social withdrawal. Side effects such as depression and cognitive impairment can sometimes be alleviated with dosage reduction or a change of medication. It should be noted that not everyone will experience side effects. Other types of therapy may also be helpful. Sometimes psychotherapy can assist a person with TS and help his/her family cope with the psycho-social problems associated with TS. Some behavioral therapies can teach the substitution of one tic with another that is more acceptable. The use of relaxation techniques and/or bio-feedback may help during prolonged periods of high stress.